Phosphogypsum

المنتجات

Exploring the potential reuse of phosphogypsum: A waste …

Phosphogypsum (PG), the main industrial by-product of phosphate fertilizer industry, primarily consists of calcium sulfate dihydrate. However, it contains various impurities with variable quantities depending on the origin of the phosphate rock. These impurities can restrict the reuse of phosphogypsum as a secondary primary resource.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Recycling phosphogypsum in road construction materials …

Environmental protection; Phosphogypsum; Recycling; Pretreatment; Highway engineering. 1. Introduction. Phosphoric acid (PA) is a common inorganic acid used in agriculture, food, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, etc. Phosphoric acid is a main raw material for producing agricultural phosphate fertilisers and a major food additive, and it is also used in manufacturing …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Radioactive waste roads in Florida: …

The commonly used production process, which dates to the 1840s, is not very efficient.For every ton of phosphoric acid produced, more than 5 tons of phosphogypsum waste is generated.. Florida has ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Potential uses of phosphogypsum: A review

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of the phosphate fertilizer industry that is produced during the phosphoric acid production process. Annual global PG production ranges between 100 to 300 Mt, with only 15% of that utilized while the rest is usually placed on large dumps with potential serious human and environmental impacts. The aim of this ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Phosphogypsum Stacks

Phosphogypsum Stacks. America is blessed with abundant low-cost natural gypsum. There is also an abundance of flue gas desulfurization gypsum produced as a by-product of coal-fired power plants. As a result, the market for the phosphogypsum generated by the chemical processing of phosphate rock has traditionally been limited. ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Building forests from phosphogypsum | Nutrien

Phosphogypsum is a powdery gypsum byproduct of the phosphate fertilizer production process. Huge piles of the material, known as gypstacks, are found at phosphate sites worldwide, including Nutrien's. Typically, gypstack reclamation involves contouring the piles, covering them with soil and seeding them to a grass mixture.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Phosphogypsum recycling: New horizons for a more …

Phosphogypsum (PG) is the by-product of the wet chemical attack process of phosphate ores (apatite) by sulfuric acid [1, 2].It consists mainly of calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O) in association with low amounts of silicon (Si), fluoride (F), phosphorus pentoxide (P 2 O 5), organic matter, traces of rare earth elements (REE) and radioactive …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

The Generation Process, Impurity Removal and …

As phosphogypsum constitutes a large amount of solid waste material, its purification treatment and comprehensive utilization have close connection with economic development and ecological environmental …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Radioactive Material From Fertilizer Production

Phosphogypsum, a waste product from manufacturing fertilizer, emits radon, a radioactive gas. It also contains the radioactive elements …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Reuse of phosphogypsum pretreated with water washing as …

Phosphogypsum (PG) is reused as aggregate in the cemented backfill, which effectively improves the PG reutilization efficiency. However, the massive impurities contained in aggregate PG would ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Phosphogypsum production and utilization in China

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a radioactive industrial by-product produced in large quantities when processing phosphate ores into fertilizers. With rapid growth of high concentration phosphate and compound fertilizers production in China, PG production is increasing every year. Phosphogypsum is usually stored in such a way that it not only occupies a ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

PHOSPHOGYPSUM: A Review of the Florida Institute …

Impurities in phosphogypsum, primarily fluorine and phosphates, complicate its use in any of the thermal processing schemes, but do not disqualify it from being used as a raw material. The plant in South Africa uses 100% phosphogypsum as a feed stock, and the Polish plants are said to use a mixture of natural gypsum and phosphogypsum.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

'Radioactive roads' on hold as Mosaic awaits …

The EPA already carefully regulates the use of phosphogypsum, a byproduct of the phosphate mining industry. A majority of the United States' phosphate mining for fertilizer occurs in Florida, mostly in the Tampa Bay area, …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Agricultural Uses of Phosphogypsum, Gypsum, and Ca …

approximate composition of phosphogypsum is shown in table 29. Phosphogypsum material normally has an aqueous pH between 4.5 and 5.0. One problem with using phosphogypsum in agriculture is that it contains radioactive radium and radon. In the late 1980's, the agricultural use of phosphogypsum was suspended by

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Phosphogypsum

Phosphogypsum is a synthetic gypsum generated during the production of phosphoric acid. Learn about its environmental impact, management, and utilization in various fields such as building …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Phosphogypsum, the composition and …

Phosphogypsum, the composition of the formula: Phosphogypsum – a fertilizerused for plastering of soils. Phosphogypsum contains at least 80% of gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) in the form of small crystals and 0.4% water-soluble …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Phosphogypsum as a construction material

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product generated from the phosphorus fertilizer industry (phosphoric acid production). PG is similar to natural gypsum, but there are some differences, of which it contains some impurities such as water-soluble phosphate (P 2 O 5), water-soluble fluoride (F −) and P 2 O 5 substituted in the gypsum crystal lattice. PG and …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Request to Use Phosphogypsum in Government Road Projects…

On June 30, 2021, the EPA withdrew previously granted conditional approval to use phosphogypsum in government road construction projects. On October 14, 2020, the EPA approved The Fertilizer Institute's request to use phosphogypsum in government road construction projects subject to certain terms and conditions.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Harmless treatment technology of phosphogypsum: …

The main component of phosphogypsum is calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO 4. 2H 2 O). The existence of bond water of phosphogypsum leads to multiple ways of resource utilization (Gonfiantini and Fontes, 1963; Palacio et al., 2014; Cole and Lancucki, 1972).CaSO 4. 2H 2 O is an environmentally friendly saturated structure. Phosphogypsum is a solid by-product …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Phosphogypsum: potential uses and problems – a review

Abstract. Phosphogypsum (PG: CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O) is a waste product generated by the phosphate industry. World production of this waste exceeds 200 million tonnes per year. PG, discharged into the sea, watercourses or in wilderness stocks, contains toxic elements harmful to ecosystems and human health, including heavy metals and radionuclides, and there is …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Phosphogypsum: Properties and Potential Use in Agriculture

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a calcium sulphate dihydrate and a by-product of the phosphate fertilizer industry. It is produced in huge quantities (300 MT/year), but only 15% of the PG produced is recycled. Phosphogypsum is valued in several sectors: road construction,...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Raman spectroscopic study of phosphogypsum thermal …

When phosphogypsum is reacted with graphite under N 2 blanket, it dehydrates to hemihydrate around 80 °C then to anhydrite at around 142 °C. An intermediate compound forms around 869 °C. This intermediate compound is identified by Raman spectroscopy to be a dehydrated orschallite-type compound, accompanied by the evolution of carbon monoxide.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Phosphogypsum Stacks: Formation, Risks, and Remediation

Learn about the byproduct of phosphate fertilizer production, its composition, and its environmental and health implications. Explore the challenges and strategies of managing …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Beneficial Use of Mosaic Phosphogypsum

phosphogypsum (PG) as a partial supplement in road base material through chemical and physical characterization. Past work included identifying several potential sources of PG and performing preliminary chemical characterization, …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Phosphogypsum | Encyclopedia MDPI

Phosphogypsum dumps are located in open areas in close proximity to the enterprise, natural complexes, and even settlements, and occupy vast territories. Transportation of phosphogypsum and storage in dumps entails investment and operating costs. For example, ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Subpart R: National Emission Standards for Radon Emissions …

Phosphogypsum facilities must meet the requirements of 40 CFR Part 61, Subpart R. The regulations require that phosphogypsum be managed in engineered stacks, which are designed to limit public exposure from emissions of radon and other radionuclides. Owners and operators must monitor and report radon emissions from inactive stacks and take ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Phosphogypsum

Phosphogypsum contains substantial quantities of P, which can be beneficial if large amounts of gypsum are applied. The levels of the other elements in the materials are so low that they are of little importance. Phosphogypsum from Florida contains 226 Ra and gives off radon (222 Rn) gas, which poses a potential health hazard (Mays and Mortvedt ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Biden EPA approves project to build road in Florida out of

Under the Clean Air Act, phosphogypsum must be disposed of in engineered piles called stacks to limit public exposure. A 2022 paper in the peer-reviewed journal Heliyon noted that phosphogypsum "stacked in the open severely damages soils, water systems, atmosphere and other environments. Radon-222 exhalation and hazardous gases containing ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Phosphogypsum Factsheet

Phosphogypsum is the radioactive waste from processing phosphate ore into phosphoric acid which is predominantly used in fertilizer. In addition to radioactive materials, phosphogypsum and process wastewater can also contain carcinogens and toxic heavy metals like antimony, ar-

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Phosphogypsum: Properties and Potential Use in …

acid, 4–5 tons of phosphogypsum are produced (El Issiouy et al. 2013; Papastefanou et al. 2006). Currently, between 3 and 4 billion tons of phosphogypsum have been produced, with an annual rise of 300 million tons (Cuadri et al. 2021). The question of considering phosphogypsum as a waste or a resource has been

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Properties, Purification, and Applications of Phosphogypsum: …

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of phosphoric acid production from phosphate rocks, containing radioactive elements and impurities. This review examines PG …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073